Sunan Abi Dawud: Book 20, Hadith 44
Al-Zuhri, explaining the verse “For this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry” said: The Prophet (ﷺ) concluded the treaty of peace with the people of Fadak and townships which he named which I could not remember ; he blockaded some other people who sent a message to him for capitulation. He said: “For this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry” means without fighting. Al-Zuhri said: The Banu al-Nadir property was exclusively kept for the Prophet (ﷺ) ; they did not conquer it by fighting, but conquered it by capitulation. To Prophet (ﷺ) divided it among the Emigrants. He did not give anything to the Helpers except two men were needy.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ ثَوْرٍ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، فِي قَوْلِهِ { فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلاَ رِكَابٍ } قَالَ صَالَحَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَهْلَ فَدَكَ وَقُرًى قَدْ سَمَّاهَا لاَ أَحْفَظُهَا وَهُوَ مُحَاصِرٌ قَوْمًا آخَرِينَ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ بِالصُّلْحِ قَالَ { فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلاَ رِكَابٍ } يَقُولُ بِغَيْرِ قِتَالٍ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَكَانَتْ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَالِصًا لَمْ يَفْتَحُوهَا عَنْوَةً افْتَتَحُوهَا عَلَى صُلْحٍ فَقَسَمَهَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ لَمْ يُعْطِ الأَنْصَارَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلاَّ رَجُلَيْنِ كَانَتْ بِهِمَا حَاجَةٌ .
Sunan Abi Dawud: Book 20, Hadith 44
This hadith is from the Sunan Abi Dawud collection of hadiths. Sunan Abi Dawud is a cornerstone of Sunni Islamic scholarship and one of the six canonical hadith collections. It was meticulously compiled by the renowned scholar Abu Dawud al-Sijistani in the 9th century. The work contains over 4,800 narrations detailing the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). These are systematically organized into thematic books focusing on practical aspects of faith, including prayer, purification, fasting, charity, marriage, and civil justice. Its authority is derived from the compiler’s critical methodology, where he often annotated the reliability of each hadith, prioritizing those with strong, authentic chains of transmission for legal matters.
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For more Hadith in Book 20: Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai’ Wal-Imarah)