Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal: Book 4, Hadith 61
It was narrated that Rabah said: I was with ‘Uthman (رضي الله عنه) in the house when he was under siege. We would go into an entryway where, when we entered it, we could hear what the people were saying in al-Balat. `Uthman (رضي الله عنه) entered it one day for some reason, then he came out with his face flushed and said: They were threatening to kill me just now. We said: Allah will suffice you against them, O Ameer al-Mu`mineen. He said: Why would they kill me? I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim man except in one of three cases; a man who disbelieved after having become Muslim, or a man who committed zina after being married, or a man who killed a person not in retaliation of murder But by Allah, I never committed zina either during the Jahiliyyah or in Islam… I never wanted to change my religion since Allah, may He be glorified and exalted guided me, and I never killed anyone So why do they want to kill me?
حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَبَاحٍ، قَالَ زَوَّجَنِي أَهْلِي أَمَةً لَهُمْ رُومِيَّةً وَلَدَتْ لِي غُلَامًا أَسْوَدَ فَعَلِقَهَا عَبْدٌ رُومِيٌّ يُقَالُ لَهُ يُوحَنَّسُ فَجَعَلَ يُرَاطِنُهَا بِالرُّومِيَّةِ فَحَمَلَتْ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ وَلَدَتْ لِي غُلَامًا أَسْوَدَ مِثْلِي فَجَاءَتْ بِغُلَامٍ وَكَأَنَّهُ وَزَغَةٌ مِنْ الْوَزَغَاتِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا مَا هَذَا فَقَالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ يُوحَنَّسَ فَسَأَلْتُ يُوحَنَّسَ فَاعْتَرَفَ فَأَتَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمَا فَسَأَلَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ سَأَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ فَأَلْحَقَهُ بِي قَالَ فَجَلَدَهُمَا فَوَلَدَتْ لِي بَعْدُ غُلَامًا أَسْوَدَ.
Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal: Book 4, Hadith 61
The above hadith is from the Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal collection of hadiths. The Musnad of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal is a foundational work in Islamic hadith literature, highly valued for its comprehensive nature. Its most defining feature is its organizational method; it categorizes hadiths based on the companion of the Prophet who first reported them, with a dedicated section for each. This structure provides a unique window into the practices and sayings of the Prophet as witnessed and related by his diverse companions. Although the Musnad is held in extremely high regard and contains many authentic narrations, it is important to note that, due to its encyclopedic aim of collecting available reports, it also contains some hadiths with weaker chains of transmission that are subject to scholarly scrutiny.
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For more Hadith in Book 4: Musnad Uthman ibn Affan